A King Like David
The tension in this story is palpable. David was a king of violence who was cursed, through his family, with that same violence. We are studying a handful of Israelite kings, contrasting with Jesus.
1. THE STORY: David’s fall—
a. David began well—
i. killed the lion and the bear,
PWPNT 1 Samuel 17:34–37
“But David said to Saul, “Your servant was tending his father’s sheep. When a lion or a bear came and took a lamb from the flock, I went out after him and attacked him, and rescued it from his mouth; and when he rose up against me, I seized him by his beard and struck him and killed him.
ii. David was willing to risk his life for the reputation of God.
“Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear; and this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, since he has taunted the armies of the living God.” And David said, “The Lord who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear, He will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine.” And Saul said to David, “Go, and may the Lord be with you.””
iii. David was described by God as a “man after God’s own heart”
1. EBC, a man who truly has God’s interests at heart.
2. God knew the intentions of David’s heart and confirmed that David was in pursuit of God’s interests.
3. In contrast to King Saul.
b. Then David’s violence expanded beyond the attacking enemy.
i. Understand God’s hatred of violence:
1. Violence precipitated the Flood Gen 6:11-13
“Now the earth was corrupt in the sight of God, and the earth was filled with violence. And God looked on the earth, and behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted their way upon the earth.
Then God said to Noah, “The end of all flesh has come before Me; for the earth is filled with violence because of them; and behold, I am about to destroy them with the earth.”
2. Violence includes more than spears and swords. Is 58:6-8
PWPNT “Is this not the fast which I choose,
To loosen the bonds of wickedness,
To undo the bands of the yoke,
And to let the oppressed go free,
And break every yoke?
“Is it not to divide your bread with the hungry,
And bring the homeless poor into the house;
When you see the naked, to cover him;
And not to hide yourself from your own flesh?
“Then your light will break out like the dawn,
And your recovery will speedily spring forth;
And your righteousness will go before you;
The glory of the Lord will be your rear guard.
ii. David became a man given to violence.
1. All the restraint that David showed in his dealings with the threats of Saul disappeared when David became king himself.
2. He took Bathsheba because he saw her and wanted her—classified by God as an act of violence—forcing another to bend to one’s will.
3. By orders to his subordinates, David murdered her husband to cover his deed; working the hierarchy to get what he wanted was VIOLENCE.
PWPNT 2 Samuel 12:9–13 NASB
You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword, have taken his wife to be your wife, and have killed him with the sword of the sons of Ammon.
[You thought you could murder Uriah by the sword of your fighting enemy. Instead…]
‘Now therefore, the sword shall never depart from your house, because you have despised Me and have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your wife.’ “Thus says the Lord, ‘Behold, I will raise up evil against you from your own household; I will even take your wives before your eyes, and give them to your companion, and he shall lie with your wives in broad daylight. ‘Indeed you did it secretly, but I will do this thing before all Israel, and under the sun.’” Then David said to Nathan, “I have sinned against the Lord.” And Nathan said to David, “The Lord also has taken away your sin; you shall not die.”
Therefore…the JUDGMENT; Just as God intervened in the contagious violence of Noah’s day…
God sent Nathan to David, making public the “secret sin”—you are the man!
c. God intervened through Nathan the prophet.
Expositors Bible Commentary, Ronald F. Youngblood
i. …On the broader horizon it can be affirmed that “David, royal judge, is shown to be a rich oppressor” whose dynasty has “sprung from an adulterously begun union” (Roth, “You Are the Man!” p. 10).
ii. In the shorter term, however, Nathan’s abrupt application “draws a parallel between
1. the rich man’s exploitation of the poor on account of his superior status and
2. the king’s misuses of his own position of authority. Attention is thus focused not on the simple case of theft, but on
3. the exploitation of the weak by one enjoying a superior position” (Jones, p. 100).
It is only due to Yahweh’s direct pardon that David is to be spared (2 Sam. xii 13)“ (Phillips, “The Interpretation of 2 Samuel xii 5-6,” p. 244).
d. David repented of his violent sin, BUT became passive in the face of the violence of his sons!—“fourfold” David had said = four sons
1. David’s son Amnon raped his half-sister, David’s daughter; David did nothing.
2. David’s son Absalom had his servants kill Amnon, the violent brother, matching violence with violence; David did nothing.
3. David’s son Absalom then led a rebellion to overthrow his father, the king.
a. David counseled his general to go easy on Absalom.
b. When Absalom was killed, David deeply mourned the loss, but expressed little regret for the deaths of those who had fought Absalom to preserve David’s rule.
e. David’s violence disqualified him from Building the Temple, where God was to dwell among His people.
PWPNT 1 Chronicles 22:7-8
“And David said to Solomon, “My son, I had intended to build a house to the name of the Lord my God. “But the word of the Lord came to me, saying, ‘You have shed much blood, and have waged great wars; you shall not build a house to My name, because you have shed so much blood on the earth before Me.
It would be easy for us to enjoy the spectacular GOTCHA! story, BUT, Philpott Church, WE HAVE A PROBLEM…many of us just PASSIVELY tolerate our city. We do not love a place with so much poverty, so many children without a dad, extensive patterns of family violence that are hard to break, a place of insecurity and fear. So much brokenness, it’s hard to look at.
Does the city frustrate you?
2. Hamilton is a city full of Davids.
We are living with the consequences of a dozen generations of Davids. We show signs of our own similarity to David.
a. We believe that there is only so much to go around, that God only created wealth enough for a few. Yet, God’s blessing of the earth is POTENT, sufficient to provide for all if we will cultivate the earth…INSTEAD, WE BELIEVE THE LIE…
i. Only so much approval, acclaim.
ii. Only so much friendship, commitment.
iii. Only so much safety and security.
iv. Only so much peace and contentment.
v. We want to gain our own and to keep it.
b. We are reaping the consequences of people fighting over the scraps.
i. I AM DAVID; it’s my selfishness, the “violence” of keeping all I have for fear I might not have enough, rather than trusting God,
ii. I AM DAVID; it’s violence when I take what I want…
Violence is our anger response to perceived denial of our wants.
1. she’s hot, why shouldn’t I have her? Objectifying women.
2. To be with her, I will do whatever I need to do—that is violence; violence comes from desperation. If it’s important enough you will do what you need to do.
3. Violence is visible in our neglect of the poor.
4. Violence is tangible in our hoarding what we have.
iii. I AM DAVID—passivity in the face of violence of others.
We can change this and we can change our city.
WHAT’S TO BE DONE?
c. What would the Kingdom look like in Hamilton?
Can you imagine the lion and the lamb lying down together, swords into plowshares.
People using all their resources to bless others, rather than marginalizing the poor.
Jesus came to break the cycle of violence; he changed everything at the Cross.
3. Jesus has come as the new and Greater David, the son of David.
a. Jesus came and preached about a kingdom—without violence WHERE
i. you don’t have to take all you want,
ii. you are given all you need, it’s a banquet!
iii. You are SAFE and SECURE,
iv. all the weapons of war have been formed into tools for the harvest
b. Inasmuch as WE are bringers of peace, God is building his kingdom through us.
i. Jesus said, “the Kingdom of God is among you.”
ii. Paul said, “all of you, among whom I went about preaching the kingdom,” Acts 20:25
iii. The arrival of the Spirit of King Jesus, who indwells every person of faith, confirms that THE KINGDOM HAS ARRIVED, is manifested every place we are.
iv. Jesus said, ““he who believes in Me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go to the Father.” John 14:12 NASB
v. Inasmuch as we are bringers of SHALOM, God is building his kingdom through us.
1. WE ARE THE ANSWER TO THE PRAYER, THY KINGDOM COME
2. What is going to be happening for eternity, we are participating in now.
3. Feasting, BANQUETS, LONG LIVES, Direct-connect with God,
4. The nations will stream to Jerusalem, the New City, where God will dwell, to worship Him without inhibition.
CONCLUSION
David had his chance and blew it.
Though he was a man after God’s own heart—he lost his chance to build the Temple, to welcome God to His earthly dwelling place.
Hopefully, God won’t say that to PMC.
We have opportunity to, a chance to participate with God; THE MOMENT IS BEFORE US NOW.
BENEDICTION
Isaiah 2:1–4
Now it will come about that
In the last days,
The mountain of the house of the Lord
Will be established as the chief of the mountains,
And will be raised above the hills;
And all the nations will stream to it.
And many peoples will come and say,
“Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord,
To the house of the God of Jacob;
That He may teach us concerning His ways,
And that we may walk in His paths.”
For the law will go forth from Zion,
And the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. And He will judge between the nations,
And will render decisions for many peoples;
And they will hammer their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks.
Nation will not lift up sword against nation,
And never again will they learn war.”
Isaiah 25:6
And the Lord of hosts will prepare a lavish banquet for all peoples on this mountain;
Isaiah 58:5–12 NASB
““Is it a fast like this which I choose, a day for a man to humble himself?
Is it for bowing one’s head like a reed,
And for spreading out sackcloth and ashes as a bed?
Will you call this a fast, even an acceptable day to the Lord?
“Is this not the fast which I choose,
To loosen the bonds of wickedness,
To undo the bands of the yoke,
And to let the oppressed go free,
And break every yoke?
“Is it not to divide your bread with the hungry,
And bring the homeless poor into the house;
When you see the naked, to cover him;
And not to hide yourself from your own flesh?
“Then your light will break out like the dawn,
And your recovery will speedily spring forth;
And your righteousness will go before you;
The glory of the Lord will be your rear guard.
“Then you will call, and the Lord will answer;
You will cry, and He will say, ‘Here I am.’
If you remove the yoke from your midst,
The pointing of the finger, and speaking wickedness,
And if you give yourself to the hungry,
And satisfy the desire of the afflicted,
Then your light will rise in darkness,
And your gloom will become like midday.
“And the Lord will continually guide you,
And satisfy your desire in scorched places,
And give strength to your bones;
And you will be like a watered garden,
And like a spring of water whose waters do not fail.
“And those from among you will rebuild the ancient ruins;
You will raise up the age-old foundations;
And you will be called the repairer of the breach,
The restorer of the streets in which to dwell.”
Sunday, February 26, 2012
King Saul vs Kingdom of Grace
Thy Kingdom Come: 40 Days of Hope for Hamilton
PWPNT Desired Outcomes:
1. Building relationships with non-PMC folks whose commitments we share (e.g., artists, educators, doctors, etc.); building bridges between us and them
2. Creation of new ministries that mobilize us to meet the needs that surface during this series
3. A vision for PMC - articulating what it would look like to see our mission being achieved. (Broad understanding of who we are and what we are about and why, all in the shadow of the cross)
4. Discovering new ministry leaders
5. The end of some ministries that don’t effectively address needs
Sermon Series Big Idea: 3”
Christ taught us to pray with the words, “Thy Kingdom come, Thy will be done - on earth as it is in heaven”. But what are we really asking when we pray this way? As we study the Scriptures, some of the answer comes as we consider the examples set by various human kings. Viewing these kings from God’s perspective will reveal how strikingly different God’s Kingdom will be.
In this series, our goal is that as we grow in our understanding of the Kingdom of God, we will more passionately engage with the ways God has already begun to establish that Kingdom all around us - even here in Hamilton. It can be hard to see, but make no mistake - His Kingdom is coming.
I. Introduction to the 40 Days Big Idea of this 40 Days Initiative: 5”
a. We're all aware that Hamilton is a city in great need. Fewer of us know the degree of need, our own share in the cause of it, or the many opportunities we have as God's people to bring restoration to our community and this city. When Jesus taught us to pray Thy Kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven, he was inviting us to dream about what it would like if God’s Kingdom were to come fully to our city, to our world.
b. If we were to focus that prayer on Hamilton, what would we see? Well, God’s Kingdom is closer than we think. All of God’s people are called and have been equipped to participate in God’s Kingdom project in Hamilton.
c. That project is already well under way and we all have a part to play. Have you found yours?
II. Introduction to this study PWPNT A Kingdom of Grace 7”
Big Idea: King Saul ruled as though everything depended on his performance. God’s Kingdom is different. In it, our performance doesn’t make Him love us more or less. When that Kingdom comes fully, we’ll serve God and each other out of joy. Inasmuch as we help others experience that joy here and now through the Gospel, God builds His Kingdom - on earth as it is in heaven. That’s the Hope of Hamilton.
III. The Story 8”
a. Context: Israel, chosen of God as His voice of Hope to the nations, has endured hard times in the Land of Promise. After tough times responding to their aggressive neighbours, Israel began to cry out to God to provide them a king. God had a king in mind for them, but he was not yet ready. Nevertheless, God relented then pointed out the best, but seriously-flawed candidate.
b. Backstory is troubling—charged by the family with finding donkeys that were lost. He searched for them but was ready to give up when his servant insisted they not give up; they inquired of the prophet, Samuel who then anointed Saul. Saul showed early signs of a lack of courage and persistence; he was more fearful than vigilant.
1. Saul was “handsome” and taller than all around him; they followed him into war to defend the nation against its attacking enemies.
2. Pointed out as king by God through “lot”, though he was found “hiding” among the baggage. AS THE DONKEYS HID THEMSELVES FROM SAUL, SO SAUL HAS HIDDEN HIMSELF FROM THOSE WHOM HE WOULD SERVE. The narrator seems to be guiding us through his character PWRPNT
3. Competence questions with the family donkeys; Saul knew the truth about himself, he just didn’t want to face it.
4. Courage-failure in seeking out the lost donkeys and AGAIN in hiding among the baggage while the nation was seeking him to be king, and AGAIN when Goliath challenged the nation and its God, he sent David.
5. Lying to Samuel the prophet when he’d been caught making sacrifice in the face of a deserting army; “I forced myself” as if there were more than one person inside him!
6. Jealous over David’s successes in contrast to his own.
a. Saul sent David out to fight for him; when David succeeded…
1Sam. 18:7-8 The women sang as they played, and said,
“Saul has slain his thousands, And David his ten thousands.”
Then Saul became very angry, for this saying displeased him; and he said, “They have ascribed to David ten thousands, but to me they have ascribed thousands. Now what more can he have but the kingdom?”
b. Attempted to kill David with a spear and failed. 18:10
c. Samuel’s role
i. Instructed Saul to prepare him before going into battle.
1. Saul grew fearful when Samuel was delayed and his own army began leaving in fear, so he offered sacrifice on his own.
ii. Samuel showed up immediately and reprimanded Saul for his impatience,
1. Samuel was apparently waiting nearby to see how Saul would react to looming enemy, scattering army, urgent need for prayer.
2. v.12—offering NOT required for prayer!
3. 1 Samuel 15:22—obedience better than sacrifice
4. JUDGMENT: You have FORFEITED YOUR KINGDOM.
IV. The Kingdom lessons 18”
a. Saul’s worldview was one of Performance rather than Grace.
1. Performance Worldview Rules—power and privilege are essential; everything is contingent upon Performance, Correct Clan membership, Wealth & Power, WHICH LEAD TO ACCEPTANCE AND RESPECT; superiority (let me prove I belong here)
a. Can’t be wrong.
b. Can’t be overshadowed; his rivals rejected him.
c. Can’t be rejected by anyone; unpreferred—people preferred David (Saul has killed his thousands and David his ten thousands)
d. Relief may come, but never joy; fear may rise and fall, but paranoia is permanent.
[Always winter, never Christmas.]
2. Grace Rules—Joy, servanthood, truth-telling, humility
News what will transform Hamilton is not fear or performance but GRACE. As churches that understand and live out of GRACE, something that the city has never seen.
We are here to establish a KINGDOM OF GRACE, rather than a human kingdom of performance.
b. Saul’s priority was self-preservation & power.
c. Unlike Saul, Jesus will be a King who GIVES LIFE.
Big Idea: When God’s Kingdom comes fully, it will get rid of all INJUSTICE & DISCRIMINATION.
It’ll be a place of total JUSTICE.
1. Everything in our culture is conditional, just as Saul was religious, all rewards are conditional on our performance.
a. Jesus said the first shall be last;
Mark 9:35 Sitting down, He called the twelve and said to them, “If anyone wants to be first, he shall be last of all and servant of all.”
b. PWPNT Phil. 2--Jesus did not regard equality with God a thing to be grasped-- set it aside to obey the Father and to purchase us as His own.
2. Saul’s quest for power and influence required squelching all rivals.
a. God’s kingdom will not include such preference and favouritism. As the kingdom is deepening now, discrimination’s ending is a sign of the arrival.
b. Kingdom work is not merely not being racist, but being opposed to racism.
As often as we, His people are involved in getting rid of all DISCRIMINATION and helping people experience JUSTICE, we participate with God in the building of His Kingdom.
V. Bringing it home to Hamilton 28”
a. God is doing it now all around us; it’s already begun—WHEN CITY STAFFERS AND POVERTRY ROUNDTABLE KNOW ABOUT THE TRUECITY MOVEMENT AND ASK US TO INTERVENE, THEN WE CAN BE SURE THAT GOD IS AT WORK IN RECOGNIZABLE WAYS IN OUR CITY.
b. Urban Ministries outreach through a craft class & a cooking class; these immigrant women expect us NOT to accept them; as we become friends and behave as friends, we show them acceptance.
5” Conclusion: 30”
1. We can learn much from King Saul’s glaring weaknesses. We need a King to serve who shows Himself to be COMPETENT, COURAGEOUS, FULL OF TRUTH, SACRIFICIAL.
2. Whom do we NOW serve as King? A king reflecting our own impulses and character, or One whose character calls us to something greater than we can imagine? Do I love my city strongly enough to have this hope for Hamilton?
3. Violence, fear, poverty, contrasting with wealth and apathy. God’s not happy with the way things are!
4. We cannot transform the city by hating it.
If I don’t love this city, should I move to a city I can love? What is there about a city that we could love? Buildings? Landscape? People?
5. BUT, IF I Love the King of the City—my love for Him will influence my care for the city He reigns over. His reign is not yet fully realized; he will come AND SHOW HIS COMPETENCE, COURAGE, TRUTHFULNESS AND HE HAS SHOWN US HIS SACRIFICE.
Meanwhile, he has called us here to love this city and to set the table for his return in love and justice, in mercy and power…
PRAYER 33”
Has this awakened something in you that you didn’t even know was there…
1. I don’t actually care about this city—they did this to themselves!
2. I don’t actually care about my neighbours—they made their choices.
3. I don’t want to be connected to a losing enterprise!
PWPNT Desired Outcomes:
1. Building relationships with non-PMC folks whose commitments we share (e.g., artists, educators, doctors, etc.); building bridges between us and them
2. Creation of new ministries that mobilize us to meet the needs that surface during this series
3. A vision for PMC - articulating what it would look like to see our mission being achieved. (Broad understanding of who we are and what we are about and why, all in the shadow of the cross)
4. Discovering new ministry leaders
5. The end of some ministries that don’t effectively address needs
Sermon Series Big Idea: 3”
Christ taught us to pray with the words, “Thy Kingdom come, Thy will be done - on earth as it is in heaven”. But what are we really asking when we pray this way? As we study the Scriptures, some of the answer comes as we consider the examples set by various human kings. Viewing these kings from God’s perspective will reveal how strikingly different God’s Kingdom will be.
In this series, our goal is that as we grow in our understanding of the Kingdom of God, we will more passionately engage with the ways God has already begun to establish that Kingdom all around us - even here in Hamilton. It can be hard to see, but make no mistake - His Kingdom is coming.
I. Introduction to the 40 Days Big Idea of this 40 Days Initiative: 5”
a. We're all aware that Hamilton is a city in great need. Fewer of us know the degree of need, our own share in the cause of it, or the many opportunities we have as God's people to bring restoration to our community and this city. When Jesus taught us to pray Thy Kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven, he was inviting us to dream about what it would like if God’s Kingdom were to come fully to our city, to our world.
b. If we were to focus that prayer on Hamilton, what would we see? Well, God’s Kingdom is closer than we think. All of God’s people are called and have been equipped to participate in God’s Kingdom project in Hamilton.
c. That project is already well under way and we all have a part to play. Have you found yours?
II. Introduction to this study PWPNT A Kingdom of Grace 7”
Big Idea: King Saul ruled as though everything depended on his performance. God’s Kingdom is different. In it, our performance doesn’t make Him love us more or less. When that Kingdom comes fully, we’ll serve God and each other out of joy. Inasmuch as we help others experience that joy here and now through the Gospel, God builds His Kingdom - on earth as it is in heaven. That’s the Hope of Hamilton.
III. The Story 8”
a. Context: Israel, chosen of God as His voice of Hope to the nations, has endured hard times in the Land of Promise. After tough times responding to their aggressive neighbours, Israel began to cry out to God to provide them a king. God had a king in mind for them, but he was not yet ready. Nevertheless, God relented then pointed out the best, but seriously-flawed candidate.
b. Backstory is troubling—charged by the family with finding donkeys that were lost. He searched for them but was ready to give up when his servant insisted they not give up; they inquired of the prophet, Samuel who then anointed Saul. Saul showed early signs of a lack of courage and persistence; he was more fearful than vigilant.
1. Saul was “handsome” and taller than all around him; they followed him into war to defend the nation against its attacking enemies.
2. Pointed out as king by God through “lot”, though he was found “hiding” among the baggage. AS THE DONKEYS HID THEMSELVES FROM SAUL, SO SAUL HAS HIDDEN HIMSELF FROM THOSE WHOM HE WOULD SERVE. The narrator seems to be guiding us through his character PWRPNT
3. Competence questions with the family donkeys; Saul knew the truth about himself, he just didn’t want to face it.
4. Courage-failure in seeking out the lost donkeys and AGAIN in hiding among the baggage while the nation was seeking him to be king, and AGAIN when Goliath challenged the nation and its God, he sent David.
5. Lying to Samuel the prophet when he’d been caught making sacrifice in the face of a deserting army; “I forced myself” as if there were more than one person inside him!
6. Jealous over David’s successes in contrast to his own.
a. Saul sent David out to fight for him; when David succeeded…
1Sam. 18:7-8 The women sang as they played, and said,
“Saul has slain his thousands, And David his ten thousands.”
Then Saul became very angry, for this saying displeased him; and he said, “They have ascribed to David ten thousands, but to me they have ascribed thousands. Now what more can he have but the kingdom?”
b. Attempted to kill David with a spear and failed. 18:10
c. Samuel’s role
i. Instructed Saul to prepare him before going into battle.
1. Saul grew fearful when Samuel was delayed and his own army began leaving in fear, so he offered sacrifice on his own.
ii. Samuel showed up immediately and reprimanded Saul for his impatience,
1. Samuel was apparently waiting nearby to see how Saul would react to looming enemy, scattering army, urgent need for prayer.
2. v.12—offering NOT required for prayer!
3. 1 Samuel 15:22—obedience better than sacrifice
4. JUDGMENT: You have FORFEITED YOUR KINGDOM.
IV. The Kingdom lessons 18”
a. Saul’s worldview was one of Performance rather than Grace.
1. Performance Worldview Rules—power and privilege are essential; everything is contingent upon Performance, Correct Clan membership, Wealth & Power, WHICH LEAD TO ACCEPTANCE AND RESPECT; superiority (let me prove I belong here)
a. Can’t be wrong.
b. Can’t be overshadowed; his rivals rejected him.
c. Can’t be rejected by anyone; unpreferred—people preferred David (Saul has killed his thousands and David his ten thousands)
d. Relief may come, but never joy; fear may rise and fall, but paranoia is permanent.
[Always winter, never Christmas.]
2. Grace Rules—Joy, servanthood, truth-telling, humility
News what will transform Hamilton is not fear or performance but GRACE. As churches that understand and live out of GRACE, something that the city has never seen.
We are here to establish a KINGDOM OF GRACE, rather than a human kingdom of performance.
b. Saul’s priority was self-preservation & power.
c. Unlike Saul, Jesus will be a King who GIVES LIFE.
Big Idea: When God’s Kingdom comes fully, it will get rid of all INJUSTICE & DISCRIMINATION.
It’ll be a place of total JUSTICE.
1. Everything in our culture is conditional, just as Saul was religious, all rewards are conditional on our performance.
a. Jesus said the first shall be last;
Mark 9:35 Sitting down, He called the twelve and said to them, “If anyone wants to be first, he shall be last of all and servant of all.”
b. PWPNT Phil. 2--Jesus did not regard equality with God a thing to be grasped-- set it aside to obey the Father and to purchase us as His own.
2. Saul’s quest for power and influence required squelching all rivals.
a. God’s kingdom will not include such preference and favouritism. As the kingdom is deepening now, discrimination’s ending is a sign of the arrival.
b. Kingdom work is not merely not being racist, but being opposed to racism.
As often as we, His people are involved in getting rid of all DISCRIMINATION and helping people experience JUSTICE, we participate with God in the building of His Kingdom.
V. Bringing it home to Hamilton 28”
a. God is doing it now all around us; it’s already begun—WHEN CITY STAFFERS AND POVERTRY ROUNDTABLE KNOW ABOUT THE TRUECITY MOVEMENT AND ASK US TO INTERVENE, THEN WE CAN BE SURE THAT GOD IS AT WORK IN RECOGNIZABLE WAYS IN OUR CITY.
b. Urban Ministries outreach through a craft class & a cooking class; these immigrant women expect us NOT to accept them; as we become friends and behave as friends, we show them acceptance.
5” Conclusion: 30”
1. We can learn much from King Saul’s glaring weaknesses. We need a King to serve who shows Himself to be COMPETENT, COURAGEOUS, FULL OF TRUTH, SACRIFICIAL.
2. Whom do we NOW serve as King? A king reflecting our own impulses and character, or One whose character calls us to something greater than we can imagine? Do I love my city strongly enough to have this hope for Hamilton?
3. Violence, fear, poverty, contrasting with wealth and apathy. God’s not happy with the way things are!
4. We cannot transform the city by hating it.
If I don’t love this city, should I move to a city I can love? What is there about a city that we could love? Buildings? Landscape? People?
5. BUT, IF I Love the King of the City—my love for Him will influence my care for the city He reigns over. His reign is not yet fully realized; he will come AND SHOW HIS COMPETENCE, COURAGE, TRUTHFULNESS AND HE HAS SHOWN US HIS SACRIFICE.
Meanwhile, he has called us here to love this city and to set the table for his return in love and justice, in mercy and power…
PRAYER 33”
Has this awakened something in you that you didn’t even know was there…
1. I don’t actually care about this city—they did this to themselves!
2. I don’t actually care about my neighbours—they made their choices.
3. I don’t want to be connected to a losing enterprise!
Saturday, February 11, 2012
Introduction to 40 Days of Hope for Hamilton
Thy Kingdom Come On Earth
Big Idea: When Jesus taught us to pray, “Thy Kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven”, it was an invitation to dream about what the Kingdom of God could look like here and now. We need that. We tend to think of the Gospel merely in terms of its benefit to us. But once we see how Jesus’ death and resurrection fit into the larger story of God’s Kingdom mission, it changes everything: not just what we believe, but why.
Purpose: showing the connection between the substitutionary death of Jesus on the cross, his resurrection, and God’s Kingdom project.
1. Wouldn’t you want to know some of the ways that He’s building His kingdom here in Hamilton?
2. Wouldn’t you want to know your role in God’s Kingdom-Building project?
3. Wouldn’t you want to know this King?
Why do we have a problem with this? Problem of dualism:
Many have adopted a view that we should just hang on to our faith now, waiting for death and heaven to follow. We either focus on our spiritual life to ensure that we do get to heaven, or we enjoy life as much as we can, believing that all we need is to hang on to that faith till the end.
This makes us DUALISTS: our spiritual person is GOOD, our physical world is BAD.
Scripture, however, gives us a very balanced view of the world.
A. We live in a world created ideally for us; we will live in a renewed world.
1. God created the world and called it GOOD-- Gen. 1:31 God saw all that He had made, and behold, it was very good.
2. God created humans in His own image-- Gen. 1:27 God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.
3. God placed humans in this ideal environment and told them to take charge of it-- Gen. 1:28 God blessed them; and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”
4. God declares that He will come back and set things in order again, as King!
And to Him was given dominion,
Glory and a kingdom,
That all the peoples, nations, and men of every language
Might serve Him.
His dominion is an everlasting dominion
Which will not pass away;
And His kingdom is one
Which will not be destroyed. Daniel 7:14 NASB
5. We demonstrate that we are His children as we do what the Father does. We are the Father’s children, His mark upon us is audible in our words, is visible in our work
Jesus therefore answered and was saying to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, unless it is something He sees the Father doing; for whatever the Father does, these things the Son also does in like manner. John 5:19 NASB
B. We will enter that new world by faith.
1. We are SAVED by the Cross, but not merely saved.
a. We are saved by the sacrifice of Jesus on the Cross.
For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many. Mark 10:45 NASB
…knowing that you were not redeemed with perishable things like silver or gold from your futile way of life inherited from your forefathers, but with precious blood, as of a lamb unblemished and spotless, the blood of Christ. 1 Peter 1:18–19 NASB
Now all these things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ, and gave us the ministry of reconciliation, namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were entreating through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God. He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him. 2 Corinthians 5:18–21 NASB
b. Our sin is paid for.
namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.” 2 Corinthians 5:19 NASB
c. Our life is transferred for His life.
For if while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life. Rom 5:10
Without experiencing this salvation, we CANNOT participate in the good things that follow…
2. We are enabled by that Cross-work…
i. I will send my Spirit.
1. Spirit-led means empowered and directed.
2. Spirit-led means drawing OTHERS to Jesus through the Gospel.
ii. You will be my witnesses-speaking to the world.
iii. You will live in love and unity, that the world may believe that…
1. You are my disciples
A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another, even as I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all men will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another. John 13:34–35 NASB
2. I came from My Father
…that they may all be one; even as Thou, Father, art in Me, and I in Thee, that they also may be in Us; that the world may believe that Thou didst send Me. John 17:21 NASB
3. We are challenged by that Cross-work to extend that work to the world.
Now all these things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ, and gave us the ministry of reconciliation, namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were entreating through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God. He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.” 2 Corinthians 5:18–21 NASB
Pray, then, in this way:
‘Our Father who art in heaven,
Hallowed be Thy name.
‘Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done,
On earth as it is in heaven. Matthew 6:9–13 NASB
4. We have been gathered here by the Spirit to implement the Kingdom of God in Hamilton.
a. What means are given to us?
i. Unity
ii. Love
iii. Transformation by Reconciliation
b. What will that look like?
i. That is our series upcoming!
ii. We will tease out a Vision for fulfilling our Mission here in Hamilton and beyond.
PURPOSE Our Purpose is to make disciples of Jesus Christ who:
Exalt God
Edify one another
Extend God’s love to all people
MISSION--Philpott Church is a community of grace, rooted together in the gospel, that exists to glorify God by making more and better disciples of Jesus Christ, who are committed to the celebration of God, the cultivation of deeper faith, and the restoration of our community, our city and the nations.
VISION—what would we see if we were to fulfill/complete this mission?
iii. You will help us decide, because our
1. “together with the congregation…” Acts 15
Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole church, to choose men from among them to send to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas — Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, leading men among the brethren, Acts 15:22 NASB
Structure of the Series:
Cross and Kingdom; they fit together…
Stories:
* Six Old Testament kings—what they show us through their bios and the prophets who confronted them, what they lack, and how that will be filled in by…
* Jesus, our King, and the Lord of the Kingdom being established on earth
LET US PRAY!!!
Pray, then, in this way:
‘Our Father who art in heaven,
Hallowed be Thy name.
‘Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done,
On earth as it is in heaven. Matthew 6:9–13 NASB
Big Idea: When Jesus taught us to pray, “Thy Kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven”, it was an invitation to dream about what the Kingdom of God could look like here and now. We need that. We tend to think of the Gospel merely in terms of its benefit to us. But once we see how Jesus’ death and resurrection fit into the larger story of God’s Kingdom mission, it changes everything: not just what we believe, but why.
Purpose: showing the connection between the substitutionary death of Jesus on the cross, his resurrection, and God’s Kingdom project.
1. Wouldn’t you want to know some of the ways that He’s building His kingdom here in Hamilton?
2. Wouldn’t you want to know your role in God’s Kingdom-Building project?
3. Wouldn’t you want to know this King?
Why do we have a problem with this? Problem of dualism:
Many have adopted a view that we should just hang on to our faith now, waiting for death and heaven to follow. We either focus on our spiritual life to ensure that we do get to heaven, or we enjoy life as much as we can, believing that all we need is to hang on to that faith till the end.
This makes us DUALISTS: our spiritual person is GOOD, our physical world is BAD.
Scripture, however, gives us a very balanced view of the world.
A. We live in a world created ideally for us; we will live in a renewed world.
1. God created the world and called it GOOD-- Gen. 1:31 God saw all that He had made, and behold, it was very good.
2. God created humans in His own image-- Gen. 1:27 God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.
3. God placed humans in this ideal environment and told them to take charge of it-- Gen. 1:28 God blessed them; and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”
4. God declares that He will come back and set things in order again, as King!
And to Him was given dominion,
Glory and a kingdom,
That all the peoples, nations, and men of every language
Might serve Him.
His dominion is an everlasting dominion
Which will not pass away;
And His kingdom is one
Which will not be destroyed. Daniel 7:14 NASB
5. We demonstrate that we are His children as we do what the Father does. We are the Father’s children, His mark upon us is audible in our words, is visible in our work
Jesus therefore answered and was saying to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, unless it is something He sees the Father doing; for whatever the Father does, these things the Son also does in like manner. John 5:19 NASB
B. We will enter that new world by faith.
1. We are SAVED by the Cross, but not merely saved.
a. We are saved by the sacrifice of Jesus on the Cross.
For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many. Mark 10:45 NASB
…knowing that you were not redeemed with perishable things like silver or gold from your futile way of life inherited from your forefathers, but with precious blood, as of a lamb unblemished and spotless, the blood of Christ. 1 Peter 1:18–19 NASB
Now all these things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ, and gave us the ministry of reconciliation, namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were entreating through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God. He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him. 2 Corinthians 5:18–21 NASB
b. Our sin is paid for.
namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.” 2 Corinthians 5:19 NASB
c. Our life is transferred for His life.
For if while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life. Rom 5:10
Without experiencing this salvation, we CANNOT participate in the good things that follow…
2. We are enabled by that Cross-work…
i. I will send my Spirit.
1. Spirit-led means empowered and directed.
2. Spirit-led means drawing OTHERS to Jesus through the Gospel.
ii. You will be my witnesses-speaking to the world.
iii. You will live in love and unity, that the world may believe that…
1. You are my disciples
A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another, even as I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all men will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another. John 13:34–35 NASB
2. I came from My Father
…that they may all be one; even as Thou, Father, art in Me, and I in Thee, that they also may be in Us; that the world may believe that Thou didst send Me. John 17:21 NASB
3. We are challenged by that Cross-work to extend that work to the world.
Now all these things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ, and gave us the ministry of reconciliation, namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were entreating through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God. He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.” 2 Corinthians 5:18–21 NASB
Pray, then, in this way:
‘Our Father who art in heaven,
Hallowed be Thy name.
‘Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done,
On earth as it is in heaven. Matthew 6:9–13 NASB
4. We have been gathered here by the Spirit to implement the Kingdom of God in Hamilton.
a. What means are given to us?
i. Unity
ii. Love
iii. Transformation by Reconciliation
b. What will that look like?
i. That is our series upcoming!
ii. We will tease out a Vision for fulfilling our Mission here in Hamilton and beyond.
PURPOSE Our Purpose is to make disciples of Jesus Christ who:
Exalt God
Edify one another
Extend God’s love to all people
MISSION--Philpott Church is a community of grace, rooted together in the gospel, that exists to glorify God by making more and better disciples of Jesus Christ, who are committed to the celebration of God, the cultivation of deeper faith, and the restoration of our community, our city and the nations.
VISION—what would we see if we were to fulfill/complete this mission?
iii. You will help us decide, because our
1. “together with the congregation…” Acts 15
Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole church, to choose men from among them to send to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas — Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, leading men among the brethren, Acts 15:22 NASB
Structure of the Series:
Cross and Kingdom; they fit together…
Stories:
* Six Old Testament kings—what they show us through their bios and the prophets who confronted them, what they lack, and how that will be filled in by…
* Jesus, our King, and the Lord of the Kingdom being established on earth
LET US PRAY!!!
Pray, then, in this way:
‘Our Father who art in heaven,
Hallowed be Thy name.
‘Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done,
On earth as it is in heaven. Matthew 6:9–13 NASB
Q&A for Original Sin
Here are the responses to the questions asked January 29th and 22nd.
1. Is the work of God (HS) that begins the in us for salvation universal to all persons or to select persons?
Certainly, the work of God in the Creation makes every person accountable for knowing about God and His nature. It is not as clear whether the HS individually prepares every person for salvation. The Scripture does not directly address that question. However, Paul in Romans 8:29-30 does seem to say that all those who are “called” will be “glorified” or saved finally.
Romans 8:29-30 “For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be the first-born among many brethren; and whom He predestined, these He also called; and whom He called, these He also justified; and whom He justified, these He also glorified.”
This seems to imply that not all are “called,” which most of us would label as the Holy Spirit’s offer.
However, there is a passage at the end of Revelation…
“And the Spirit and the bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who wishes take the water of life without cost.”
Revelation 22:17
2. How do you reconcile verses like Romans 7:15 with the evidence of the fruits of the spirit we are supposed to see--is it reasonable to expect the inner conflict expressed in Romans 7 to lessen over time, with increased faith?
“For that which I am doing, I do not understand; for I am not practicing what I would like to do, but I am doing the very thing I hate.” Romans 7:15
I do believe that this sort of struggle over doing the right thing is real and lifelong. However, as the Holy Spirit grows in influence within us, the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23) are visible and the control of the Spirit (Ephesians 5:17-18) enables us to choose to obey Christ. Paul, however, strongly emphasizes that the impulse to sin does not leave us in this life.
3. If we are born into sin, how can an infant or young child be saved if they can't respond with faith? Does God initiate salvation for them?
Several different approaches were developed in the history of the Church to deal with this dilemma. More than now, infant and childhood mortality caused parents deep worry and grief. Some believed that the act of baptism removed the guilt of sin, so it would be effective in an infant. Others believed that children were not morally responsible for their sin until they “understood” the concept of sin, and so developed the concept of “the age of accountability.”
Bottom line: there is no clear teaching in the Scripture in answer to this question. It’s an area where we are left to trust in the justice and mercy of God.
4. We believe that Christ is one hundred percent God and one hundred percent man. Is it heresy to say that we are saved one hundred percent by God and hundred percent choice?
“Choice” is an awkward word, perhaps it would be better to use “man.” Or, you might mean that “faith” saves us one hundred percent, as God saves us one hundred percent.
The resolution of that “percent” is part of the struggle between the “semi-Pelagians” and the “semi-Augustinians.”
Rather, the issue of debate is the “agent” of salvation. Does God alone save us? Or, do we contribute to our salvation?
The point I was trying to make in stating that I am “Augustinian” was that I understand the Scripture to teach (Ephesians 2:2-9) that God alone saves. Simultaneously, no one can be saved unless they respond with faith to the work of God in salvation. That’s why I also said that even faith is a gift, as Paul suggests in Ephesians 2:8-9.
5. How is it fair that we are held accountable for the sins of our ancestors?
“Fairness” is not the same as “justice,” which is the biblical emphasis. God is just, which means that He both defines what is good and right, and upholds that good.
This is the statement Paul makes about the universality of sin; he mentions both the spread of sin to all and the imputation of sin where there is law. There seems to be some wriggle room here.
Romans 5:12–15
“Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned — for until the Law sin was in the world; but sin is not imputed when there is no law. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come.
But the free gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many.”
However, when the question of “fairness” over God’s choice is raised, Paul says that we don’t have the right to ask the question, being created beings!
Romans 9:19–21
“You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who resists His will?” On the contrary, who are you, O man, who answers back to God? The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it? Or does not the potter have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one vessel for honorable use, and another for common use?”
These are hard questions, to be answered by obscure passages!
6. Are the four categories you describe similar to the distinctions within Calvinism and Arminianism? i.e., Augustinian = 5points, etc.?
Yes, there is a correspondence between these. Calvin was “Augustinian, ” as was Luther. However, the issue is broader than the Calvin/Arminius debate.
7. Augustine said "anything not to the glory of God is sin," I prefer the definition in Rom 14:23 "whatever is not from Faith is sin"
Certainly, Paul is superior to Augustine! I quoted Augustine because I was using Augustine as an example. Also, Augustine was clear in declaring that “faith” is anything that seeks the glory of God, a very helpful definition.
8. If dead people don't make choices, how does the prodigal son (whose father said he was 'dead') still make the choice to return?
Two different statements, both using the same metaphor. The prodigal son was “dead” to his father in that he had left and implied he would not return. Paul talks about being “dead” in our sins because we have no spiritual life.
9. In Romans 7:9, Paul talks about being alive before sin sprang to life. How do you reconcile that with saying we are born sinful?
This, too, is difficult. I understand that Paul is using “Law” here for the Mosaic Law. The good Law of God, given through Moses, tells us what God is like and what He requires. However, knowing that Law confirms that we cannot keep/obey that Law. Paul, when taught the Law, found himself unable to keep it; before he knew the Law, he was unaware of his spiritual state.
10. How does this coincide with the verse saying we will not be tempted beyond what we can bear?
1 Corinthians 10:13
“No temptation has overtaken you but such as is common to man; and God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will provide the way of escape also, that you may be able to endure it.”
The thought here is that we will find God faithful to us, such that He will see that each circumstance will be no more than we can handle (we can make right choices, without sinning). In Romans 7, Paul was emphasizing how weak we are in our inner person to stand against our own impulses. In 1 Cor 13, he was emphasizing that no circumstance will be too much for us; we will find His own strength to endure.
1. Circular reasoning—Bible is often declared self-authenticating; need not go there—simply ask ‘what EVIDENCE outside the Bible might authenticate its claims? Resurrection.
2. Irreducible minimums?
a. Inspiration of Scripture
b. Deity of Christ, Virgin Birth, etc.
c. Resurrection of Jesus Christ
d. Personal conversion
e. Personal evangelism
1. Is the work of God (HS) that begins the in us for salvation universal to all persons or to select persons?
Certainly, the work of God in the Creation makes every person accountable for knowing about God and His nature. It is not as clear whether the HS individually prepares every person for salvation. The Scripture does not directly address that question. However, Paul in Romans 8:29-30 does seem to say that all those who are “called” will be “glorified” or saved finally.
Romans 8:29-30 “For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be the first-born among many brethren; and whom He predestined, these He also called; and whom He called, these He also justified; and whom He justified, these He also glorified.”
This seems to imply that not all are “called,” which most of us would label as the Holy Spirit’s offer.
However, there is a passage at the end of Revelation…
“And the Spirit and the bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who wishes take the water of life without cost.”
Revelation 22:17
2. How do you reconcile verses like Romans 7:15 with the evidence of the fruits of the spirit we are supposed to see--is it reasonable to expect the inner conflict expressed in Romans 7 to lessen over time, with increased faith?
“For that which I am doing, I do not understand; for I am not practicing what I would like to do, but I am doing the very thing I hate.” Romans 7:15
I do believe that this sort of struggle over doing the right thing is real and lifelong. However, as the Holy Spirit grows in influence within us, the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23) are visible and the control of the Spirit (Ephesians 5:17-18) enables us to choose to obey Christ. Paul, however, strongly emphasizes that the impulse to sin does not leave us in this life.
3. If we are born into sin, how can an infant or young child be saved if they can't respond with faith? Does God initiate salvation for them?
Several different approaches were developed in the history of the Church to deal with this dilemma. More than now, infant and childhood mortality caused parents deep worry and grief. Some believed that the act of baptism removed the guilt of sin, so it would be effective in an infant. Others believed that children were not morally responsible for their sin until they “understood” the concept of sin, and so developed the concept of “the age of accountability.”
Bottom line: there is no clear teaching in the Scripture in answer to this question. It’s an area where we are left to trust in the justice and mercy of God.
4. We believe that Christ is one hundred percent God and one hundred percent man. Is it heresy to say that we are saved one hundred percent by God and hundred percent choice?
“Choice” is an awkward word, perhaps it would be better to use “man.” Or, you might mean that “faith” saves us one hundred percent, as God saves us one hundred percent.
The resolution of that “percent” is part of the struggle between the “semi-Pelagians” and the “semi-Augustinians.”
Rather, the issue of debate is the “agent” of salvation. Does God alone save us? Or, do we contribute to our salvation?
The point I was trying to make in stating that I am “Augustinian” was that I understand the Scripture to teach (Ephesians 2:2-9) that God alone saves. Simultaneously, no one can be saved unless they respond with faith to the work of God in salvation. That’s why I also said that even faith is a gift, as Paul suggests in Ephesians 2:8-9.
5. How is it fair that we are held accountable for the sins of our ancestors?
“Fairness” is not the same as “justice,” which is the biblical emphasis. God is just, which means that He both defines what is good and right, and upholds that good.
This is the statement Paul makes about the universality of sin; he mentions both the spread of sin to all and the imputation of sin where there is law. There seems to be some wriggle room here.
Romans 5:12–15
“Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned — for until the Law sin was in the world; but sin is not imputed when there is no law. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come.
But the free gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many.”
However, when the question of “fairness” over God’s choice is raised, Paul says that we don’t have the right to ask the question, being created beings!
Romans 9:19–21
“You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who resists His will?” On the contrary, who are you, O man, who answers back to God? The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it? Or does not the potter have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one vessel for honorable use, and another for common use?”
These are hard questions, to be answered by obscure passages!
6. Are the four categories you describe similar to the distinctions within Calvinism and Arminianism? i.e., Augustinian = 5points, etc.?
Yes, there is a correspondence between these. Calvin was “Augustinian, ” as was Luther. However, the issue is broader than the Calvin/Arminius debate.
7. Augustine said "anything not to the glory of God is sin," I prefer the definition in Rom 14:23 "whatever is not from Faith is sin"
Certainly, Paul is superior to Augustine! I quoted Augustine because I was using Augustine as an example. Also, Augustine was clear in declaring that “faith” is anything that seeks the glory of God, a very helpful definition.
8. If dead people don't make choices, how does the prodigal son (whose father said he was 'dead') still make the choice to return?
Two different statements, both using the same metaphor. The prodigal son was “dead” to his father in that he had left and implied he would not return. Paul talks about being “dead” in our sins because we have no spiritual life.
9. In Romans 7:9, Paul talks about being alive before sin sprang to life. How do you reconcile that with saying we are born sinful?
This, too, is difficult. I understand that Paul is using “Law” here for the Mosaic Law. The good Law of God, given through Moses, tells us what God is like and what He requires. However, knowing that Law confirms that we cannot keep/obey that Law. Paul, when taught the Law, found himself unable to keep it; before he knew the Law, he was unaware of his spiritual state.
10. How does this coincide with the verse saying we will not be tempted beyond what we can bear?
1 Corinthians 10:13
“No temptation has overtaken you but such as is common to man; and God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will provide the way of escape also, that you may be able to endure it.”
The thought here is that we will find God faithful to us, such that He will see that each circumstance will be no more than we can handle (we can make right choices, without sinning). In Romans 7, Paul was emphasizing how weak we are in our inner person to stand against our own impulses. In 1 Cor 13, he was emphasizing that no circumstance will be too much for us; we will find His own strength to endure.
1. Circular reasoning—Bible is often declared self-authenticating; need not go there—simply ask ‘what EVIDENCE outside the Bible might authenticate its claims? Resurrection.
2. Irreducible minimums?
a. Inspiration of Scripture
b. Deity of Christ, Virgin Birth, etc.
c. Resurrection of Jesus Christ
d. Personal conversion
e. Personal evangelism
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